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The international electrical network
The international electrical network involves the combination of all electrical energy producers in a single high-voltage network. Large distances can be covered most efficiently via direct current transmission.
Above all, thermosolar and geothermal generation should be summarized, but wind and hydropower should also be included, although wind power and photovoltaics in particular should not be expanded further. The solar power plants and the electrical network should be developed first.
The African, Arab, Asian, American and Australian desert areas are available and must be linked in order to have energy available at all times of the year and day.
This involves connecting the American and European continents via Canada and Russia. Likewise, Africa must be connected to Europe and Australia must also be linked to the network via Asia.
Of course, this is initially a considerable amount of work that has to be completed, but it will quickly pay for itself thanks to the extraordinary efficiency and longevity of the systems and will then be a worthwhile affair for everyone. Furthermore, this measure will of course represent an enormous stimulation of the labor market, the growth rates will skyrocket internationally and thus easily enable the transition to the circular economy and the construction and/or conversion of livable, green cities.
High voltage direct current transmission HVDC
Run in one direction and stop to turn around and run in the opposite direction so you use up energy whenever you stop and start again. You expend more energy than if you always run in the same direction even though you may be covering the same distance. That's why direct current transmission is also less lossy than alternating current, energy is lost when changing direction. The only problem is the conversion via DC and inverter, which is why this process is only worthwhile for high voltages and large distances, specifically for lengths of more than a few tens of kilometers. In this case, transmission with direct current has advantages because the line loss is limited solely to the ohmic resistance of the active current.
There are already some lines in Europe, others are under construction and several are being planned. A first line to Africa is also planned.
In North America there are already existing connections that are continually being expanded.
There are also many projects in other regions that are currently being expanded accordingly and then only need to be linked accordingly. Basically, all the prerequisites are in place to establish a stable, global electrical supply network that provides the required power to the world at any time of the year and at any time of the day and at a much cheaper price than all other individual systems.
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